European Union: The United Kingdom Returns Home

UK-EU Leaders’ Summit in London – May 19, 2025 @ Kin Cheung – AFP

A Strengthened Strategic Partnership

The agreement establishes increased defence collaboration, notably through access for British companies to the €150 billion European fund for rearmament. The aim is to strengthen European security in the face of current geopolitical challenges. Furthermore, the two parties have agreed to a gradual alignment of their emissions trading systems, aimed at avoiding carbon border taxes.

A key component of the agreement is the establishment of a youth mobility program for each side, allowing them to live, work, and study in the other region for a fixed period. The initiative aims to strengthen social and cultural ties between the two parties, while addressing migration concerns.

Reopening of economic trade and renewed diplomacy

On the economic front, controls on British food exports to the EU are being lifted. The agreement also restores the UK’s access to European energy markets. Reintegration is seen as a lever to boost the British economy, with growth projected to reach £9 billion per year.

Diplomatically, the agreement marks a turning point in European diplomacy, reaffirming the importance of cooperation between the UK and the EU. It also reflects a pragmatic approach, seeking to overcome past divisions to focus on shared challenges.

However, critics, particularly within the Conservative Party, denounce concessions on sovereignty, particularly regarding the extended access of European fleets to British waters.

This agreement thus illustrates the ability of both parties to move beyond past tensions to build a common future together, based on cooperation, trust, and mutual respect. But it also responds to the desire of many British people who had hoped to join the European Union.

By Yves Modeste Ngue